If you’re applying for jobs, you’ve probably heard over and over: You need a great cover letter. But what is a cover letter and how do you write one that actually helps you get the job? In this guide, we’ll break down:
- how to write a cover letter
- what to include in a cover letter
- how long should a cover letter be
- useful tips, templates, and examples to help you stand out from the crowd.
What Is the Purpose of a Cover Letter?
Before we get into writing, it’s important to understand what the intent is for presenting a cover letter. A cover letter is a short, personalized document that accompanies your resume when applying for a job. Its purpose is to introduce yourself, explain why you’re a good fit for the position, and highlight a few relevant achievements.
Where your resume shows what you’ve done, a cover letter explains why it matters and helps the employer see how your experience aligns with their needs. This is especially important if you’re changing careers, applying for an internship, or have limited experience in the job you’re trying to apply for.
How to Write a Cover Letter for a Job Application
Now let’s walk through how to write a cover letter for a job application:
- Step 1 – Include a Header
- Include your name, email, phone number, LinkedIn profile (optional), and the date.
- Include your name, email, phone number, LinkedIn profile (optional), and the date.
- Step 2 – Include a Salutation
- Always personalize it. If possible, avoid “To whom it may concern.” Instead, try:
“Dear [Hiring Manager’s Name]” or “Dear [Team or Department Name]”.
- Always personalize it. If possible, avoid “To whom it may concern.” Instead, try:
- Step 3 – Introduction
- Explain why you’re writing. Mention the position you’re applying for and how you found it.
- Explain why you’re writing. Mention the position you’re applying for and how you found it.
- Step 4 – Include Body Paragraph(s)
- This is your chance to show off! Highlight relevant achievements that align with the job requirements. Use numbers or metrics when possible.
- This is your chance to show off! Highlight relevant achievements that align with the job requirements. Use numbers or metrics when possible.
- Step 5 – Closing
- Summarize your interest, thank the reader, and invite them to contact you for an interview.
- Summarize your interest, thank the reader, and invite them to contact you for an interview.
- Step 6 – Signature
- A simple, “Sincerely, [Your Name]” works great.
What to Include in a Cover Letter
The best cover letters include the following key elements:
- A clear introduction stating the job you’re applying for
- Specific skills and achievements related to the role
- Why you’re excited about the company or position
- A professional tone and customized message
- A confident but humble call-to-action at the end
What should a cover letter say? Keep it focused on what you can do for the employer—not just what you want from the job.
How Long Should a Cover Letter Be?
The answer: keep it to one page, ideally around 250–400 words – the equivalent to three to four short paragraphs. Employers scan quickly, so clarity and brevity matter more than length. If you’re wondering how many words should a cover letter be, try to stay within the 300-word range.
Cover Letter Formatting: How Should a Cover Letter Look?
Great content won’t matter if your formatting is messy. Here’s how to format a cover letter professionally:
- Use a standard font like Arial or Calibri, size 11–12 pt
- Set 1” margins on all sides
- Align everything to the left
- Keep line spacing at 1.15 or 1.5 max for readability
Cover Letter Examples and Templates for Every Situation
- Short cover letter sample: Ideal for when a job doesn’t request a formal letter.
- Professional cover letter examples: For experienced professionals applying to leadership roles.
- Cover letter examples for internships: Great for students and entry-level applicants.
- Simple cover letter templates: Perfect if you’re applying to multiple jobs and need a quick starting point.
If you need inspiration, use tools like HelloI to help create your cover letter or resume.
How to Address and Start a Cover Letter
If you’re wondering how to start a cover letter, it’s crucial to nail the salutation and opening sentence. Ideally, find the name of the hiring manager or recruiter. If not, use a professional fallback like:
- “Dear Hiring Manager”
- “Dear [Company] Recruitment Team”
Avoid outdated phrases like “To whom it may concern”, unless you have absolutely no other option. Personalization shows effort and attention to detail.
Common Mistakes and How to End a Cover Letter
Some of the biggest cover letter mistakes include:
- Using a generic template without customization
- Repeating your resume verbatim
- Making it too long or too vague
- Forgetting to proofread
As for how to end a cover letter, keep it strong and confident.
“Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss how my background in [skill/experience] aligns with your team’s goals. I’m available at your convenience for an interview.”
Sign off with “Sincerely,” or “Best regards,” followed by your full name.
Final Thoughts: Writing a Good Cover Letter Takes Practice
Writing a good cover letter is equal parts strategy and storytelling. With a clear structure, concise language, and a personalized tone, you can create a letter that genuinely supports your resume—and opens the door to your next opportunity.
